/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------

    Title:      Pearson IE-specific CSS file for all media
    Filename:   ie.css
    Method:     <link>
    Author:     R. Prokop | bobprokop@yahoo.com for Pearson Education
    Updated:    September 2013
    Notes:      Served to specific versions of IE based on html class

---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* -- ALL versions of IE -- */
.column{padding-right:16px}
.last{padding-right:0}
input[type=checkbox],input[type=checkbox]:active,input[type=checkbox]:focus{border:0}
li label{font-size:.825em}
.toggle .icon-caret-right{width:1.5em}
.toggle .icon-caret-down{width:1.5em}
.trigger-menu:before{margin-top:-.25rem;font-weight:300}

/* -- v8 and v9 need help with these --- */
html.lt-ie10 .edge-blend--left-dark,html.lt-ie9 .edge-blend--left-dark{filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#000000',endColorstr='#00000000',GradientType=1 )}
html.lt-ie10 .edge-blend--right-dark,html.lt-ie9 .edge-blend--right-dark{filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#00000000',endColorstr='#000000',GradientType=1)}
html.lt-ie10 .slide-options-form input[ type=checkbox ]:checked + label .badge{opacity:1}

/* -- v8 and under -- */
html.lt-ie9 h1 sup,html.lt-ie9 h2 sup{font-size:30%}
html.lt-ie9 img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
html.lt-ie9 .is-badge{display:none}
html.lt-ie9 .global-nav.has-transparency{background:transparent;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ccffffff',endColorstr='#ccffffff');zoom:1}
html.lt-ie9 .is-horizontal{height:51px}
html.lt-ie9 .is-horizontal dl{vertical-align:inherit!important}
html.lt-ie9 .is-open dl,html.lt-ie9 .is-open ul{margin-bottom:0!important;display:block!important;overflow:visible;clear:both;}	
html.lt-ie9 .utility-nav li a:link,html.lt-ie9 .utility-nav li a:visited{color: #454545;background:transparent}
html.lt-ie9 .utility-nav li a:hover{color:#fff;background-color: #545454}
html.lt-ie9 .is-open dt,html.lt-ie9 .is-open dd,html.lt-ie9 .is-open li{float:none!important;display:block!important;width:100%!important;margin:0!important}
html.lt-ie9 .is-open li:first-of-type{border-bottom:none;padding-left:20px}
html.lt-ie9 .is-open dt,html.lt-ie9 .is-open dd:last-of-type{border-bottom:none!important}
html.lt-ie9 .is-open dd a{display:block!important;width:100%!important}
html.lt-ie9 .wrapper .wrapper{margin-right:0;margin-left:0;}
html.lt-ie9 .has-drop-shadow,html.lt-ie9 .has-drop-shadow--custom,html.lt-ie9 .drop-shadow,html.lt-ie9 .shadow,html.lt-ie9 .button{filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Shadow(color=#aaaaaa,direction=180,strength=5)}
html.lt-ie9 .overlay-mask{background-color:#000;-ms-filter:"alpha(opacity=17)"}
html.lt-ie9 .overlay-mask:hover,html.lt-ie9 .overlay-mask:focus{-ms-filter:"alpha(opacity=0)"}
html.lt-ie9 .flex-direction-nav a{-ms-filter:"alpha(opacity=0)"}
html.lt-ie9 .flexslider:hover .flex-prev,html.lt-ie9 .flexslider:hover .flex-next{-ms-filter:"alpha(opacity=75)";background-color:#3fa85d}
html.lt-ie9 .gradient-mask{display:none}
html.lt-ie9 .video-index a{-ms-filter:"alpha(opacity=70)"}
html.lt-ie9 .video-index a.active,html.lt-ie9 .video-index a.hover,html.lt-ie9 .video-index a.focus{-ms-filter:"alpha(opacity=100)"}
html.lt-ie9 .sign-in{background:transparent;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#95000000',endColorstr='#95000000');zoom:1}
html.lt-ie9 .featured-links dl{background:transparent;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#cc0a623a',endColorstr='#cc0a623a');zoom:1}
html.lt-ie9 .featured-links dt{border-right:1px solid #ccc}
html.lt-ie9 header h1.mega{margin-bottom:0}
html.lt-ie9 h1.mega+h2{margin-top:0}
html.lt-ie9 .mfp-bg{-ms-filter:"alpha(opacity=50)"}
html.lt-ie9 .hero-is-short .panel{min-height:304px}
html.lt-ie9 .is-open .social-group .screenreader em{font-style:normal!important}
.is-open .social-group li:first-of-type{background-color:transparent;background:none;padding-left:0!important;border-bottom:1px solid #595959}
html.lt-ie9 .product-hero .featured-offer h4,html.lt-ie9 .product-hero .featured-offer h3,html.lt-ie9 .ordering-options h4{margin-top:0}
html.lt-ie9 .corner-flag{filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Shadow(color=#aaaaaa,direction=180,strength=5)}
html.lt-ie9 .corner-flag em {font-size: 16px;margin-top: 0;margin-left: 0;top: -76px;left: 4px;position: absolute;-ms-filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Matrix(M11=0.70710678, M12=0.70710678, M21=-0.70710678, M22=0.70710678,sizingMethod='auto expand');filter:	progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Matrix(M11=0.70710678, M12=0.70710678, M21=-0.70710678, M22=0.70710678,sizingMethod='auto expand'),progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Shadow(enabled=false)}
html.lt-ie9 .slide-options-form label{padding:1.75em}
html.lt-ie9 .slide-options-form label .badge{-ms-filter:"alpha(opacity=0)"}
html.lt-ie9 .slide-options-form label.checked .badge{-ms-filter:"alpha(opacity=100)"}
html.lt-ie9 .slide-options-form label img{display:none}
html.lt-ie9 .slide-options-form input[ type=checkbox ]{display:block;-ms-filter:"alpha(opacity=0)";outline:none}
html.lt-ie9 .slide-options-form label.checked{background-color:#ddd;color:#222}
html.lt-ie9 *:first-child+html .group,html.lt-ie9 *:first-child+html .local-nav li:first-of-type,html.lt-ie9 *:first-child+html .is-open dd a,html.lt-ie9 *:first-child+html .is-open li a{min-height:1px}

/*	media queries (older versions of IE handled using respond.js) */
@media screen and (max-width:59.9375em){.featured-links dt{border-right:none !important}}
@media screen and ( max-width: 56.25em ){html.lt-ie9 .is-horizontal{height:auto}}
@media screen and (max-width:27.5em){html.lt-ie9 body{height:auto}}
@media screen and (max-width:22.5em){html.lt-ie9 .hero-is-short img.is-background{filter:alpha(opacity = 50);-ms-filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(Opacity = 50);zoom:1}}